Currently, the energy saving is a priority. This is related to the lack of the main power supply, thereby increasing the cost of production, but also with global environmental problems.
What is the energy savings?
Energy conservation is the efficient use of energy, through the use of innovative and creative solutions that are viable, technically justified and economically acceptable, the environmental and the social point of view, it does not change the habits of a way of life. This definition was first formulated at the International conference of power and energy.
The economics of energy in any area that it boils down mainly to a reduction in the useless waste of energy. An analysis of the losses in the production, distribution and consumption of energy shows that, for the most part to the loss of up to 90% if it is done in the context of energy consumption, while the loss in the transmission of electric energy accounted for only 9-10%. Therefore, the efforts of energy-saving is concentrated precisely in the sector of electric power consumption.
The main role in increasing the efficiency of energy use belongs to modern energy saving technologies. Energy-saving technology – a new or improved process technology, features a higher-rate of efficiency of use of fuel and energy resources (FER).
The introduction of energy saving technologies in commercial transactions, as firms and individuals at the household level, it is one of the important steps in the decision-making of many of the environmental problems – climate change, air pollution (for example, the emissions from the CHP plant), and the depletion of fossil resources, and Dr.
Typically, the companies that are taking these types of technologies, which provide significant energy savings for the end:
- The general technology for a lot of businesses that are related to the use of energy (motor with a variable speed of rotation, and a heat exchanger, compressed air, lighting, steam, cooling, drying, and PR.).
- More efficient production of energy, including gas, steam, heat, and electricity, heat, cold, and electricity; and the replacement of old manufacturing equipment to a new, more efficient and effective.
- Alternative sources of energy.
The power-saving mode, particularly suitable for engines in which part-time work for low-load conveyors, pumps, fans, and t. p., There are a number of devices which make it possible to reduce the losses when working with electrical equipment, all of which units are included in the installation, inverters and adjustable frequency drives. Variable-frequency drives, adjustable-around with built-in features to optimize the use of energy in a flexible way to alter the frequency of rotation as a function of the actual load, which saves up to 30 to 50% of the consumption of electric power. Many times, it is not necessary to replace the standard motor, and this is particularly true in cases where the modernization of production. Such is the economy of electrical energy, and automation tools can be built-in to the majority of the companies in the industrial and in the area of the HOUSE: the elevators, and ventilation prior to the automation of the business.
Scientists have developed a setup, which is a part of the heat through the pipe after flaring the production of natural gas, which is used for the generation of extra power, is able to provide lighting for five buildings, a 16 storey building.
Energy-saving technology in the civil construction industry is wide-ranging, including wall insulation, energy saving coatings, energy saving paint, double-glazed windows and economical heating and cooling of the surface.
One of the most common energy saving technologies with a large potential for improvement in the housing market is in the sewer. With the modern technology, it is able to significantly reduce the energy consumption and to reduce the cost of maintaining, and even increasing the EFFICIENCY. In addition, the replacement of the boiler, it often allows the company to proceed with the environmentally dirty and expensive coal and oil to fuel a cheap and clean fuel such as gas, wood or pellets.
It also gives you a great savings, and if, at the time, the stand-alone thermal power plant, the items to place in the building to individual heat item in a modern, quiet pump compact and efficient plastic heat exchanger.
When the organization of ventilation in the building to implement a system for the recovery (recycling and reuse) in the heat of the exhaust air and a variable, performance, delivery, and decline of clusters, depending on the number of people in the building. These systems will allow you to not waste the heat, and is produced bytavemue people, and connectors for lighting equipment, shopping, office equipment, and to reduce, accordingly, the consumption of heat from an external source – tepлonсetand the boiler.
A sample of houses, which will, in the future, to enable a person to live in harmony with nature, while at the same time, without depriving himself of the habits, of the comfort, is so-called to housing, to the power of zero (a zero-energy house or passive house (passive house), which are grouped by the term "energy efficient house".
"Energy-efficient" will be one in which the comfort temperature is supported, and in winter, without the application of heating, while in summer, if the air-conditioning system.
The house is energy efficient during its construction, the following must be done:
- The application of modern thermal insulation of pipelines of heating and hot water.
- Single-source tepлonэнeргonснабжeнandя service of private in the boiler or source of heat and energy.
- Heat pumps that use the earth's heat, heat is the product of a ventilation for the air and the heat of the effluent.
- The solar collector in a domestic hot water system and aircon in the living room.
- The heating system in each apartment, heat meters and thermal regulation of the mode of storage.
- The mechanical system of exhaust ventilation is individually adjustable, and the recovery of heat from the exhaust.
- Each of the apartment with the drivers, optimise the consumption of heat for space heating and ventilation of the building.
- Wrapping up the project with the highest thermal protection and a set of indicators of the teplowestonйчandвonсtand.
- The recovery of the heat of solar radiation on the thermal balance of the building is based on the best choice of свetonPRonзрачных of the structures of the tables.
- The devices that use scattered solar radiation, which is to improve the lighting in the rooms and to reduce energy consumption for lighting.
- The selection of the designs of the sun glasses to devices, and taking into account the guidance and onблучeннonсtand the facades of the season.
- The use of the heat from the water returning from the central heating system to under floor heating in the bathrooms.
- The control system for the heat-and-power, air conditioning and heating, installations and buildings on the basis of a mathematical model of a building, such as a tepлonэнeргetandчeскonй of the system.
There are a number of other ways to make the best use of the power, not only in production but also in everyday life. Thus, there is a lot of time to be called "intelligent" lighting system. The effect of energy saving is based on the fact that the light will turn on automatically, right when you need it. The circuit breaker has an optical sensor, and a microphone. In the afternoon, when the level of lighting, the lighting is turned off. When it comes to the evening, there is the activation of the microphone. At a distance of 5 m. the noise (for example, the steps or the sound of the door opening), the light is automatically switched on and lights up, while the man is on the inside. These lighting fixtures use energy-saving bulbs.
Lighting of the led is possible to achieve significant energy savings compared with traditional light sources of incandescent bulbs (80%) and fluorescent lights (40%). These lamps can also be used on the cover of the most different objects: an underground pedestrian and car parking areas, parks and gardens, pаркonвonм lighting, street lighting, street lighting, HOUSING, and emergency lighting.
There are and long-term projects of energy saving in the transport sector. The american engineers to get closer to the production car, equipped with a nozzle that converts the heat from the exhaust into electricity. Тepлonэлeкtрonгeнeраtonр, which is mounted on a muffler, that converts some of the heat from the exhaust gas, an electricity, that is, in the future, to ensure the proper functioning of the air-conditioning system, a stereo system and t. p.
German scientists develop high-efficiency and energy-saving the appliance is required for cars with hybrid engines. The device works with the help of the oil on the road, and the electricity in the city, and with relatively less power.
In his house, and, for each consumer, you can save electrical power, according to the following rules:
- Replace incandescent lighting with modern, energy-saving lamps.
- Turning off unused devices on your network (for example, tv, video, hi-fi).
- In the electric boards applied to the plates of the bottom, which is the same as or slightly larger in diameter than the plate, use cookware with a curved bottom.
- Washable in the washing machine when they're full, and you choose the type of wash.
- In a timely manner, to erase from the rolls of electric scum.
- It does not dry up too much in the bed, this allows for saving when you press.
- Most changing bags for dust collection of a vacuum cleaner.
- To put it in the refrigerator is the best place for the kitchen.
- To use, light, curtains, and wallpaper.
- Most of the washing of the windows, at the sill of the window, put a small amount of color.
- Don't close the blinds to the heating of the battery.